[ The PC Guide | Systems and Components Reference Guide | Hard
Disk Drives ]
Construction and Operation of the Hard Disk
To many people, a hard disk is a "black box" of sorts--it is thought of as
just a small device that "somehow" stores data. There is nothing wrong with this
approach of course, as long as all you care about is that it stores data. If you use your
hard disk as more than just a place to "keep stuff", then you want to know more
about your hard disk. It is hard to really understand the factors that affect performance,
reliability and interfacing without knowing how the drive works internally. Fortunately,
most hard disks are basically the same on the inside. While the technology evolves, many
of the basics are unchanged from the first PC hard disks in the early 1980s.
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Photograph of a modern SCSI hard disk, with major
components annotated.
The logic board is underneath the unit and not visible from this angle. |
Original image © Western Digital Corporation
Image used with permission. |
In this section we dive into the guts of the hard disk and discover what makes it tick.
We look at the various key components, discuss how the hard disk is put together, and
explore the various important technologies and how they work together to let you read and
write data to the hard disk. My goal is to go beyond the basics, and help you really
understand the design decisions and tradeoffs made by hard disk engineers, and the ways
that new technologies are being employed to increase capacity and improve performance.
 Next: Hard Disk
Operational Overview
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