Two simple questions

[leichaolan]

1. What is the difference between a T1 and T3 and how do they work?
2. You know that thing that is right beside your clock in windows? The area your volume control resides in. Anyways, how do you add programs and stuff to it? I want to add an equalizer from my control panel to it, but I don't want it to open (the equalizer) every time I start windwos. Thanks.

[YODA74]

Ethernet is the networking system that was used before the World Wide Web, and is now used mainly for IntraNet systems - local area networks like a company internal network. Ethernet provides bandwidth of 10Mbps (megabits per second), or in the newer iteration, 100Mbps, aka Fast Ethernet.
Fast Ethernet is designed to overcome the limitations of 10Mbps ethernet, which actually bogs down when bandwidth utilisation reaches about 30%. Ethernet uses a method called CSMA/CD, (carrier sense multiple access with collision detection.) In a nutshell, every device attached to the ethernet is allowed to send data packets at the same time. When (normal) collisions occur, the sending device(s) back off, wait a couple of microseconds, then send again. In that way all the data a sending station wants to send eventually gets sent. The problem arises when the network is busy: the more devices sending, the more collisions, the longer the delay, until the network "crawls." Fast ethernet overcomes this problem by simply supplying a 10 times larger pipe in which collisions can occur while data still gets through at an acceptable rate.

ISDN is a significant medium because of the "D" or digital part, versus traditional analogue phone lines. To understand the difference, any signal coming from a computer is digital (ones and zeros, high and low only) as opposed to analogue, which is constantly changing signal at varying lengths and heights. Modems send digital signals over analogue phone lines by first converting the digital computer output to analogue signals, then converting the analogue signal back to digital at the receiving end. The word "modem" actually is an acronym of "modulate/demodulate" - the process just described. The advantage of ISDN is that it can take native digital information (voice, data, video) without any modification. ISDN doesn't care what kind of signals you shove into it; it just carries it and delivers it native - i.e. without having to convert it. The problem with the proliferation of ISDN has more to do with the relative availability of the service at local carriers' POPs (point of presence), and the relative expertise and experience the carriers have with the service. There are still many places where ISDN is not available because the carriers have not made the investment in equipment at their sites, therefore is not a good solution for businesses that want their wide area networks on ISDN. It's market driven, mostly, and as the implementation becomes easier at customer sites (more user friendly equipment) the carriers will be more inclined to deploy equipment at their sites to accommodate customers.

T1 (1.544Mbps) is used for multiprotocol data transmission as well as voice. T3 (45Mbps) is also a common WAN data transmission solution.




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[Paleo Pete]

The area you refer to is called the tool tray. Check the options in the equalzer and see if it has a setting that puts an icon in the tool tray, it might just say task bar. I don't know of a way to manually put it there.

Or you can put one in the Quick Launch bar. That's the area just to the right of the start button where you probably already have icons for Internet Explorer, Outlook Express and Show Desktop. (very useful when you have 6 windows open and want to get to the "My Computer" icon...)

Find the executable for the program in Windows Explorer and create a shortcut by right clicking on it. Create shortcut is one of the right click options. Rename it to remove the "Shortcut to" part if you wish, and drag it to the Quick Launch bar. Windows will create an icon there alongside the others, allowing you to open it any time with one click.

I put icons there for Winamp, Notepad, Windows Media Player and Character Map. Notepad is a bit more involved, but it works great. Open an empty notepad file and save it as notes.txt in My Documents. Create a shortcut as above. Remember to always save any documents you create using that icon with different names so the original notes.txt is always an empty notepad file. I use it several times a day.

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[bassman]

YODA!?!, applause, applause, I am impressed http://www.PCGuide.com/ubb/wink.gif
One more thing to add about T lines, they are dedicated from point to point. Unlike cable, DSL, and other dialup setups, that, as soon as they leave the box on your house, the signal becomes one of many and is subject to electronic traffic and delays as Yoda has described. T lines are unhendered until they reach their prime destinations (Corprate office-----branch office, Home office-------ISP/Site host...)
Although those speeds (1.544, 45Mgbs) may not seem all that fast, remember, they are uncluttered and unrestricted.

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Please let us know if what we suggest helps. This helps us help you better.

[rond36]

A T1 leased line costs between $750 and $1800 per month and a T3 can cost several thousand dollars! This is why they are mainly reserved for large corporations and ISPs.

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Alright who messed it up this time!

[Ghost_Hacker]

Here's a site with some information you might find interesting:

HOWSTUFFWORKS QUESTION ABOUT T1 (http://www.howstuffworks.com/question372.htm)


I use this site whenever I need to write up something on telco stuff for non-techies. (because I can cut and paste.... Hey I'm lazy http://www.PCGuide.com/ubb/smile.gif ) Or do some "starter" research into telco stuff I don't know about.



[This message has been edited by Ghost_Hacker (edited 11-23-2001).]

[jeffhhh]

To add a shortcut to the system tray , download a small freeware program called TrayMan v1.0 from http://www.downlinx.com/proghtml/282/28241.htm. It's very easy to use. You have to put trayman.exe into the startup folder in order to have your icons appear in the tray when you bootup, or you can just click on the desktop shortcut to TrayMan when you want to see them there. The only bad thing about the program is that the icons you put into the system tray loose some of thier color in the tray. Otherwise, the program works fine.

[Paleo Pete]

The one thing to remember is that anything in the system tray is running. That's why it's there. Whether it's run at start up or is opened later, if it's in the system tray, it's running which means using system resources.

An icon in the Quick Launch bar however, is not running, it's just a one-click shortcut that's easy to find. That allows you to use the application only when you want it, rather than having it running all the time. That's why I suggested the icon in the Quick Launch bar, it would allow you to use it only when you need it rather than having it running all the time, which sounds like what you want to do.

If it normally does not put an icon in the system tray, look through the properties, settings, preferences or configuration (whichever it calls it) and see if it has an option to put one there, many programs do.

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Support the right to keep and arm bears.
Note: Please post your questions on the forums, not in my email.

Computer Information Links (http://www.dreamwater.com/paleopete/computer.htm) has been moved, please update your bookmarks.

[sea69]

I agree with Pete

I have a little as possible in system tray, and all the things I use frequently in quicklaunch!


it just makes sense to have less running when not in use, and being able to one click your favorite apps.

**thanks for the link GH.

***YODA has covered everything else


http://www.PCGuide.com/ubb/wink.gif

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[This message has been edited by sea69 (edited 11-26-2001).]

[JadedC36]

Being a phone man for 39 years has given me a chance to work with T1's, and T3's. There are a multitude of uses for these transport mediums, in addition to data, which is the newest. Yoda74 is correct about the data rates of the T1, and T3, however most T1's only use 1.536Mbs (64,000bps x 24 time slots) for the actual data, if they are provisioned for data, and less if the are carrying voice (which is the most common T1 in the telephone business). The other bits in the 1.544Mbs stream are used for 'framing', or more simply start, and stop points so that the receiving end will know what bits are the beginning, and where does it end. A T3 carries 28 T1's worth of bandwidth, and the T1's are multiplexed into the bit stream. Here again the actual data bandwidth is somewhat less than the 45Mbs, because there are more bits for the equipment (the T3 multiplexer) to communicate with. So the actual data bandwith for a T3 is 28 x 1,536,000. Now to get from point A to point B we can use just a T1, if the distance is reasonable. A T1 is two pairs of copper wire, one pair to carry bits to, and the other to carry bits from. A T3 has to have another carrier to get from A to B, unless they are in the same place. The most common has been microwave (digital radio), but now fiber multiplexers are used to carry T3 signals. Now on two fibers, one for each direction, we can have 1 T3 (not very economical), 3 T3's (more common), 12 T3's, 48 T3's (now were getting somewhere), and 192 T3's. Since these transport mediums are optical they are refered to as OC1, OC3, OC12, etc. and to translate that into bps, an OC1 is 50Mbps, and that makes an OC3 150Mbps. That is serial data transmission, just like 'USB', or "Firewire". http://www.PCGuide.com/ubb/wink.gif

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Mike